China's export controls on critical minerals like tungsten and rare earths have created significant challenges for Japan's industrial and defense sectors. The restrictions, linked to geopolitical tensions and Taiwan-related issues, have led to supply shortages and price surges, forcing Japanese industries to explore recycling alternatives.
Japan's reliance on Chinese exports for 63% of its rare earth needs has left its industries vulnerable. The stalled tungsten exports have particularly affected tool manufacturing, with prices skyrocketing by June 2026. Despite efforts to diversify supply chains through partnerships with Vietnam and Australia, Japan has struggled to reduce its dependence on China. Asahi Shimbun+2
The shortages have exposed structural weaknesses in Japan's supply chain, especially for defense-related materials. China's dominance in minerals like dysprosium and terbium has complicated Japan's military expansion plans. The G7 summit highlighted Japan's push for exclusive mineral reserves, but export controls continue to disrupt production timelines. Huanqiu+2
The export restrictions have strained Sino-Japanese relations, with Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi facing pressure to resolve the issue diplomatically. The EU has also expressed concerns, as China's policies hinder Europe's defense industry plans. The situation underscores the broader geopolitical competition over access to critical raw materials. Nikkei Asia+2